How is Blue Label Labs different from its competitors?

First, we live and breathe cutting-edge/bleeding-edge technology, so your app will similarly be cutting-edge/bleeding edge with a long “shelf-life”. Second, with a perfect mix of local, domestic and international talent you are guaranteed to get the optimal mix of a high-quality product and a fair price. Third, you will be assigned a dedicated Program Manager (PM) after we’ve established a contract who will be your single point-person for all of your needs and questions. This PM will stay with you for the duration of your relationship with Blue Label Labs and is your conduit to all of the resources we have to offer, thus streamlining your communication and preventing you from having to repeat your message to multiple resources or play air traffic control. Our PMs are the best in the business and we’d be happy to introduce you to a projected PM (and project team) once we’ve got an estimate on the table to discuss. Fourth, the size of Blue Label Labs team (now 64 people strong) means you don’t have to worry about the “single point of failure” issue that exists at smaller shops of just one or two developers, nor the burden paying for the high overhead cost associated with larger shops. Fifth, we have a stronger focus on design than most other shops. We split our design team into two specific functions—Product/User Experience and User Interface. It’s a rare unicorn designer that is good at both thinking through flow and product decisions, as well as branding, colors, logos and overall User Interface. To that end, each project team has both a UX Designer and UI Designer staffed to ensure top notch design. Sixth, with over 7 years of operation and over 250 apps completed, we have both the experience and extensive re-usable code base to ensure your app is built as efficiently and as inexpensively as possible. Seventh, our QA and Testing methodology is rigorous and as important to us as the actual development—meaning your app will be as bug free as is possible. We have a dedicated QA Engineer staffed on every project. This engineer is not the original author of the code ensuring the highest quality results from the QA process. Please see the below sections for more details.

How does Blue Label Labs work with clients?

Blue Label Labs Labs begins most projects with a Discovery, Planning & Design Phase (Phase One). First, we determine the proper technologies and development schedule. Second, the Design teams inherit the User Stories that were drafted during the sales process. User Stories are simple one-liners that outline the activities your users will need to be able to accomplish within the app. These User Stories then get grouped together into meaningful features and feature sets. The Design teams work with the client to finalize the User Stories. Third, our design team sets out creating greyscale wireframes to illustrate how a user will move through the app (i.e., the user experience, UX). Fourth, we transition to full color illustrations/designs that have the final look and feel of the app (i.e., the user interface, UI). Fifth, the app designs are then uploaded into a prototyping platform called Invision that allows our team to create tappable and swipeable “hotspots” so that you can show the app on your phone or via a mocked-up phone in a web browser. At the same time, we draft a Functional Specification document that details the technical hows and whys of the project for the development team. Once that work is complete, we them move on to the Development Phase (Phase Two). The Agile development/engineering team works hand-in-hand with the Program Manager and follows the wireframes and the Functional Specifications to build the app. Our first development goal is the First Deliverable milestone—we call this D1; this is a highly functional build of the app that contains a subset of features agreed upon by Blue Label Labs and the client. We then begin an iterative process of finalizing the remaining features. At the same time, a QA Team builds a full test plan for the app. The QA Team continually performs functional and regression testing on the app, reporting issues to the Project Manager. Learn more about our process here.

How long does it take to complete the average app?

Typically, for our average 4 to 5-month project, the Phase One: Discovery & Planning and Design lasts for approximately 4 to 6 weeks, with Phase Two: Development and Testing Phase occupying the remaining 3 to 4 months. At the end of the Phase Two, the final app is prepared for Deployment. Deployment involves moving any web services and server side components to a production environment and submitting the app to the relevant app store(s).

How much does the average app cost?

If we were in full-swing on a new project, a client can estimate a cost of between $10,000 and $30,000 per two-week sprint ($20,000 to $60,000 per month) for the effort—typically billed bi-weekly. If Blue Label Labs is handling everything from Discovery, Planning & Design through to Deployment in an app store, total app costs average about $120,000 for one “platform”–iOS, Android, Web, etc. That said, it very much depends on the complexity of the design and development required for each individual app, we’ve completed full apps at costs of between $50,000 (a bare-bones, simple MVP/prototype) and $2,000,000 (a full featured, enterprise apps). We provide free, no commitment estimates to clients. After the app is submitted to an app store(s) or pushed live on the web, the Blue Label Labs team monitors the app store and customer reviews and deals with any issues, questions, delays or approvals that arise. We have a great track record with app submissions and make sure that the app submitted is highly likely to be approved without issue. Post approval, a maintenance agreement can be put into place to cover and small issues, minor app edits (e.g., color, image or text changes) and any bugs that might linger. At the end of the project, we will transfer all source code and project files to you and you will remain the sole owner of all IP in the app. After that time, we provide our services at an hourly rate of $120/hour for ad-hoc updates or at an hourly rate of $100/hour for a mutually agreed upon set number of hours in a 6-month retainer. The monthly maintenance cost for the average app is $2,000/month: in other words, a retainer of 20 hours per month at $100 per hour equals $2,000/month and guarantees expedited service vs. ad-hoc requests.

What is the difference between a Native App, a Hybrid App and an HTML5 App?

Native App: A Native App is an app written for a specific platform like iOS or Android—in other words, the app is written in the coding language used for development on that specific platform (Objective-C or Swift for iOS and Java for Android). When you build a Native App, you get access to all the hardware features exposed by the native code APIs and SDKs. For example, Apple iOS Push Notifications are one example of a feature that cannot be supported by an HTML5 App. The graphics and user interface of a Native App are far superior to any Hybrid or HTML5 app. You would choose this option, if you want to use the user interface components from Apple’s proprietary user interface libraries (i.e., the usability is better); you want full device hardware access—cameras, microphone, and geo-location; you want peak performance with no lag; you want users to be able to access the app off-line (i.e., without Internet access); you want access to push notifications and in-app purchase; and you want your app to de discoverable in the app store. On the downside, your code is less portable across operating systems and it is often the most expensive development option. It is our recommendation that if you plan to start a true, revenue generating, app-based business, this is the only viable option. Hybrid App: A Hybrid App is a form of web app that is deployed to a native platform like an iPhone or Android phone inside a native shell. This shell is usually little more than a web browser view (to display the HTML5 content) and some other hooks to allow your web app to potentially access some more hardware features that are not available inside a typical mobile web browser—e.g., push notification and in-app purchases. It improves code portability because if you want to port your app to another platform, you only need a native shell on that other platform to run it, the HTML5 content of the app is directly portable. These shells can be hand written, but can also be generated automatically by tools in the marketplace like React Native, PhoneGap, Cordova or Xamarin. These tools allow a developer to push the app out to multiple platforms (e.g., iOS, Android, Windows Mobile) quickly by generating the shell and packages required to do so automatically. This sounds powerful, and it is, but clearly creators of these third-party platforms have a lot of configurations and hardware to support, and thus, the solutions do not always work the same across all devices, and in practice, testing and hacking of special cases will be required by the developer to get proper functionality. You would choose this option if you want a balance between cost and usability; you want access to some (but not all) of the phone’s native APIs/SDKs and hardware; you want to be able to quickly deploy across multiple device types; and you’re not worried about high-end graphics. On the downside, because these third-party hybrid platforms (e.g., React Native, PhoneGap and Xamarin) need to support so many device types there are always implementation and usability issues to workout. In addition, you will only have access to the features of a new operating system 6+ months AFTER it is released by Apple, Google or Microsoft. In this way, your app will never be able to cutting-edge technology. While we are fully capable of building Hybrid Apps, it is our recommendation that this option is only viable for simple, lo-fi apps that are heavy on text and images, but don’t need much in the way of functionality or user interface. An HTML5 Web App: An HTML5 app is essentially a website with JavaScript code written to allow the app to perform dynamically, as opposed to a static website that you need to refresh to see the changes. It works interactively to make it feel like an app, but it is actually running in a web browser. It is essentially a website, which will support multiple viewports or screen sizes so that it works well on mobile. Because it is running in a browser, it is confined to what is possible within a mobile web browser. You would choose this option if you want to support multiple platforms with the same app/codebase; you want to deploy it on the web; you want the widest possible support across multiple device operating systems and manufacturers; and you want to be able to update your source files on your server and have them immediately deployed to all devices (i.e., removing the need for the app approval process). On the downside, your app is not discoverable in the app stores; it will never look and feel like a true mobile app; and you will have limited access to some of the software and hardware functionality of the phone (e.g., push notifications and cameras). It is our recommendation, that this option is only viable for view-only content where users are not expected to interact in any meaningful way.

Has Blue Label Labs ever transitioned an app the firm has built to a client’s internal development team? What is the typical process and how long does it usually take? Is there a fee for this?

Quite often Blue Label Labs transitions an app to a client’s in-house development team. As part of our regular transition for any client, we transfer all functional specs, wireframes, UI design resources, screen flow maps, passwords/certificates/credentials and source code to the client. We also have extensive experience working in tandem with a client’s existing engineering team. For example, Blue Label Labs will build the front-end experience of an app on top of a client’s existing backend web service and databases. These transitions are the quickest, averaging only a few days, since the Blue Label Labs team and the client team have already been working hand-in-hand for months. If we are handing over a complete project with no prior engagement with the client’s development team, then the transition can take a little longer depending on the support needed. This can range from a few days to a couple weeks. The transition is typically free of charge unless engineering resources are needed to facilitate the transition or the Program Manager is required to spend more than a week on the transition and training. We’ve even helped companies to interview potential new technical team members—e.g., developers and CTOs.

How does Blue Label Labs provide training to a client’s development team so that they could make app enhancements and how much would that training cost?

Along with all the project documentation and support outlined in the answer to the question above, we are happy to provide hands-on training to in-house developers/team members as part of the transition. There is typically no extra charge for this if only a few hours are required. If ongoing training is necessary, for example an in-house developer is not familiar with app development and requires a crash course, then we can offer our services at our hourly rate of $120/hour for training. We’ve even aided our partners in their hiring of their own technical/development team if/when the time is right.

How many designers and developers does Blue Label Labs have on staff? How many work on each client project? Where is the team located? Can the client talk directly to whomever will work on the app?

The Blue Label Labs team is comprised of 64 individuals across its UX Design/Product, UI Design, Development, Program Management, Quality Assurance, Sales, Marketing and Leadership teams. We have 6 Designers, 10 Program Managers, 35 Developers, 3 App Marketers—the remainder of the team is comprised of the Sales, Marketing, Operations & Leadership Teams. Depending on the size of the project, a team of at least 7 Blue Label Labs staffers will work on your project: 1 Program Manager, 1 UX Designer, 1 UI Designer, 1 Technical Architect, 1 Front-End Developer, 1 Back-End Developer, and 1 Quality Assurance Engineer—in addition to the technical and strategic oversight provided by Blue Label Labs leadership. The majority of our Design and Program Manager teams is based in New York City, Seattle and San Francisco areas. The Developers and Quality Assurance Testers are also based in the aforementioned cities, in addition to India-based team members. The Development, Design and QA Teams are managed directly by the Program Manager. The Program Manager is your primary point of contact and the liaison across all other Blue Label Labs team members associated with your project. That said, clients are welcome to speak directly with any individual team member as is needed.

Are projects priced based on “time-and-material” (i.e., hourly) estimate or a “fixed-price” quote?

Projects are priced on a “time-and-material” basis. With 7 years and 250+ apps of experience to our credit, we are able to produce very accurate estimates. We do our best to stay within budget or provide you ample warning if we think we may exceed our initial estimate so we can coordinate how to move forward together with you. Prior client references can vouch for the accuracy of our estimates and can be provided to you upon request.

Is Blue Label Labs able to guarantee that our app will be published in an app store?

Unfortunately, no application can be guaranteed for app store approval. However, Blue Label Labs has successfully built and deployed over 250 apps for the Google Play and Apple iTunes stores. We have a solid understanding and insight into what these stores will typically approve or disapprove of. We will warn you well in advance if any particular aspect of you project poses an approval risk. We have had a handful of instances where an app store has rejected an app for publication; not due to technical issues, but due to legal/business/terms of use issues; however, we successfully appealed ALL of these rejections and these very same apps are now in the app store for download today. We led these appeals on behalf of our clients at no extra charge. If your app is rejected due to technical reasons, we will make all necessary corrections needed to get approval at no extra charge. We are happy to connect you with some of our clients who did face some app store pushback to tell you about the rejection and our successful appeal.

What is Blue Label Labs’ policy regarding correcting defects and publishing an update in the app store?

We provide our services at a blended hourly rate of $120/hour for ad-hoc updates or at blended hourly rate of $100/hour at a mutually agreed upon set number of hours over a 6-month retainer. For example, a retainer of 20 hours a month for $2,000/month guarantees expedited service vs. ad-hoc requests. Ad-hoc requests are handled on a first come, first serve basis across all of our clients and development is based on our team’s earliest availability. The monthly retainer of hours functions much like an extension of the warranty period; issues are addressed within 24-48 hours and development will start as soon as the scope of the issue is defined. For those clients wanting a guaranteed 24 to 48-hour turnaround time on maintenance issues, a 6-month retainer is suggested.

What level of Quality Assurance is included and provided by you in your proposal?

A Quality Assurance (QA) Engineer is assigned to every project and builds a custom test plan for every project during the Discovery, Planning & Design Phase. During the Development & Testing Phase the QA Engineer continually tests the app using functional and regression testing. We test on a wide array of physical devices as needed for a given project. If we are building a backend web service and databases as part of the project, we will also have a set of automated unit tests that are run regularly to verify functionality.

What is Blue Label Labs’ quality assurance (QA) and testing methodology?

We believe that Blue Label Labs’ QA and testing methodology is part of our competitive differentiation. The fact that we dedicate resources to solely this function is something that sets us apart from other development shops for whom testing is simply an afterthought. At Blue Label Labs, QA is handled at all levels of development. There are generally 3 layers of QA/testing that happens for every project: 1.) Internal Development Team Testing Each Development Team has an internal QA Tester along with the Developer Lead who perform basic validation on bug fixes prior to builds being released to the broader Project Manager and QA team. Their validation is to ensure that items within JIRA, which we use alongside Trello, to coordinate team efforts and communicate with clients—are properly remedied according to their descriptions prior to “checking-in” or committing code. When items are resolved by the Development Team they are pulled into the “Testing Done by Dev Team” stack of Trello cards and/or within JIRA. When developing new projects, the Blue Label Labs Development Team will also be responsible for creating “unit tests” for our code so that we can quickly run a basic set of verifications. The dev team does the majority of their testing using iOS and Android app simulators. 2.) Dedicated QA Engineer Each project has a dedicated QA Engineer who sits independently from the Development Team who is responsible for: a.) Drafting a milestone based test plan which outlines a list of black box scenarios to verify and the expected results; b.) Performing smoke and full test pass runs against weekly and milestone builds; c.) Verifying and closing bugs that the Development Team has marked as complete; d.) Working with the Development Team to report issues and regressions; and d.) The QA Engineer takes items from the “Testing Done by Dev Team” Trello stack and verifies whether it is actually fixed. If it is, the Trello card is moved to the “Done (Verified)” pile, or sent back to the “Weekly Priorities” or “Product Backlog” stacks, as appropriate. The QA Engineer will generally perform their tests on 2-3 devices, depending on project requirements. 3.) Project Manager (PM) Testing The final QA gate is the PM who is responsible for quality of the entire product. They will also work with the QA Engineer to verify items have been fixed properly in addition to triaging new issues coming in from the client and the QA Engineer. The PM will appropriately schedule issues to be resolved based on their severity and importance. The PM’s testing is done on actual devices.

Can Blue Label Labs help me with Marketing and PR?

Absolutely. We aim to be your full-service app partner. Our Marketing & PR Offering is designed to help you launch your app and gain marketing exposure. Learn more about our Marketing & PR Offering here.

iOS App Development

How To Develop a CarPlay Enabled iOS App [All You Need To Know]

Apple’s CarPlay framework enables iOS app developers to integrate their apps to work within a vehicle’s head unit (or Infotainment system), leveraging the head unit as a user interface (UI) for their apps.

Since its launch in 2014, CarPlay has rapidly grown in popularity – today, it’s included in 60% of new vehicles in the US. By design, CarPlay allows developers to make their product safer for use in vehicles which should help curb incidents caused by distracted drivers seeing as the whole “abstinence” notion about not using apps while driving has worked as well as it has with preventing teenage pregnancies.

Yet for all its success, there is a dearth of information out there to help carplay developers learn how to develop CarPlay- compatible apps.

At Blue Label Labs, we developed a CarPlay app for iHeartMedia, and in the process, we’ve learned a ton about how CarPlay works and what it takes to take an existing podcasting/music player app and bolt on a CarPlay experience to it.

In this post, I hope to demystify what CarPlay is and help other app developers on how to get started with building apps that support CarPlay.

What kinds of apps can be built for CarPlay?

Many iPhone app developers, in particular, might be licking their chops at the possibilities of what they can build into CarPlay, but before you get too excited, Apple restricts very tightly the types of apps that can be enabled for CarPlay to:

Navigation (i.e. Waze)
Messaging & VOIP (i.e. WhatsApp)
Music Player/News/Podcasts (i.e. Spotify, Overcast)
Parking (new for iOS 14)
EV charging (new for iOS 14)
Quick food ordering (new for iOS 14)

Source: Waze CarPlay Dashboard mode

If your app doesn’t fall into one of the above categories, then I am afraid your CarPlay dreams will remain just that.

How does CarPlay work?

Most cars today contain a head unit, the “infotainment system”, which is the central sub-system that controls playing the radio, making calls, and performing route navigation.

In addition to this main head unit, cars that are equipped with CarPlay have a separate head unit that lives beside the car’s in built Infotainment system which is responsible for communicating with the connected iOS device and uses that data to display information to the driver and control the vehicle’s hardware.

Source: Developing CarPlay Systems

This is why when you launch CarPlay app in a vehicle, it looks and feels like CarPlay is taking over the entire Infotainment experience of the vehicle because it is essentially doing that (newer vehicles allow for CarPlay to control certain components of the Infotainment system like navigation, while the inbuilt vehicle system handles other systems such as media playing.)

For a deeper explanation of the specific mechanics of how the CarPlay sub-system works alongside a vehicle’s head unit, I recommend reading this fantastic article which breaks it down into much greater detail.

How do CarPlay-enabled apps work?

The first thing to understand about building an app for CarPlay is that there is no such thing as a separate CarPlay app, rather the CarPlay experience is an extension of an app that is running on an iOS device.

Think of CarPlay as an additional user interface to an existing app on the device, one that can accept touch inputs and display results to the user.

Once the CarPlay head unit is active, it forwards touch events from the vehicle’s screens to the iOS device via USB and Bluetooth, whereupon the app logic running on the device processes it and returns a result which is then displayed in the car by the CarPlay head unit.

Source: Developing CarPlay Systems, Part 1

For those of you who built apps for the 1st generation Apple Watch, this whole approach might sound oddly familiar to that experience because it is: there is no app code running within the vehicle’s head unit, it’s running within the app on the device, which means it’s able to access and share the same memory and other resources contained within the main iOS app’s running container.

How much work does it take to add CarPlay support to an app?

If you have an existing app that falls into one of the categories we mentioned before, building a CarPlay experience for the app is generally not a lot of work because of the strict rails Apple puts in place for the UI a CarPlay enabled app can expose to a user.

Building an Apple CarPlay app doesn’t mean you can build any type of interface like one would for a native iOS app.

CarPlay provides a set of fixed UI templates and controls that all CarPlay enabled apps must conform to, and within that already minimal set Apple further restricts which templates can be used depending on the app type being built.

Source: CarPlay UI Kit

Thus, the fact that there is a very limited palette of UI controls available to display and that the CarPlay components can leverage the same underlying infrastructure of the existing app makes adding CarPlay functionality a relatively straightforward exercise.

How much UI customization is available to a CarPlay app?

Honestly, not much.

For a podcast or music player app, Apple controls very strictly the UI displayed on the vehicle’s screen, allowing almost no customization of the template provided.

For a music player, CarPlay compatible apps are restricted to a tab-based navigation flow, with each tab being populated by a simple list of tracks and a canned ‘Now Playing’ screen in which the only control the app has is to customize the functions of each button CarPlay displays.

That’s it!

A music player app can only have those screens built to the exact same layout, no more or no less.

The lack of flexibility afforded to music players within CarPlay-enabled apps actually makes it very easy to adopt an existing iOS music player app for CarPlay, essentially boiling down simply returning the right list of tracks based on the tab selected by the user and then handling the touch inputs for the ‘Now Playing’ screen.

On the flip side, a Navigation app is afforded much more freedom by CarPlay to customize the UI and how information is displayed to the user, which would require significantly more work to develop a CarPlay experience than a music player.

The greatest flexibility is offered to vehicle manufacturers, who are given free rein to customize the CarPlay UI as they wish.

In the following chart, you can see each of the available CarPlay UI templates and the app types which are supported for each:

	Music Player/News/Podcasts	Messaging & VOIP	EV Charging	Navigation	Parking	Quick Food Ordering
Action Sheet		X	X	X	X	X
Alert	X	X	X	X	X	X
Contact		X		X
Information		X	X	X	X	X
List	X	X	X	X	X	X
Map				X
Now Playing	X
Point of Interest			X		X	X
Search				X
Tab bar	X	X	X	X	X	X
Voice control				X

Steps to Get Started Developing for CarPlay

To get started building a CarPlay experience for a iOS apps, here are the following high-level steps to follow:

Verify your app is supported by Carplay – ensure it falls into one of the acceptable categories to enable a CarPlay experience. (see above)
Obtain a CarPlay entitlement from Apple by submitting a request, which you can find here.
Upon approval, set up your local developer environment to support debugging a CarPlay extension. The built-in iOS simulator offers the ability to project an app onto a second screen that simulates the CarPlay interface. (Note, if you are developing a navigation app for CarPlay, make sure to enable the following command in the Terminal prior to launching the iOS Simulator: defaults write com.apple.iphonesimulator CarPlayExtraOptions -bool YES)
Begin developing your CarPlay support within an existing app, which will generally consist of
- Adding the CarPlay.framework to your XCode project.
- Implementing a special CarPlay specific app delegate that implements the CPApplicationDelegate interface and setting the appropriate root view controller.
- From here, depending on the app type you are building,the CarPlay developer should implement the appropriate templates specific to the app type.

While testing on the simulator is a good starting point, you will save a lot of heartache and frustration by purchasing a real CarPlay enabled head unit to do hardware testing on. You can find these for cheap on Amazon, we used this one which supported both CarPlay and Android Auto and only cost $75.
With a CarPlay enabled app there are certain test cases you should be thinking about and trying to simulate with a test head unit, such as
- How does the CarPlay experience behave when a user receives a call or if the backup camera is initiated and the CarPlay process is suspended?
- How to handle the seamless transition of playback of music or other content from the device when it is connected to a CarPlay head unit?
- How to post and display visual notifications on the screen when the user might be using another CarPlay app?
- How to properly display progress wheels and status indicators to the CarPlay screen when the app might be fetching something from the web?

In conclusion

Building a CarPlay enabled app is a relatively straightforward exercise for an experienced iOS developer.

The most difficult parts of the whole process are the paperwork and approvals necessary to jump through Apple’s approval process, followed by the on-device testing to ensure the app behaves appropriately on an actual hardware head unit.

Our team learned a ton about not only how CarPlay works but also how the Infotainment systems within modern vehicles behave.

If you are looking to build a CarPlay enabled experience for your app, you can reach out to us to see how we can help bring your app to life inside of a vehicle.

Bobby Gill

Co-Founder & Chief Architect at BlueLabel | + posts

Bobby Gill is the co-founder and Chief Architect of BlueLabel, an award winning digital product agency headquartered in New York. With over two decades of experience in software development, he is a seasoned full-stack engineer, software architect, and AI practitioner. Bobby currently leads the BlueLabel AI/ML practice, where he is leading a team of engineers operationalizing the transformational capabilities of generative AI within BlueLabel and for a number of enterprise clients.

How To Develop a CarPlay Enabled iOS App [All You Need To Know]

What kinds of apps can be built for CarPlay?

How does CarPlay work?

How do CarPlay-enabled apps work?

How much work does it take to add CarPlay support to an app?

How much UI customization is available to a CarPlay app?

Steps to Get Started Developing for CarPlay

In conclusion

Bobby Gill

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Are You Using AI In Your Job?

How To Develop a CarPlay Enabled iOS App [All You Need To Know]

Bobby Gill | March 10, 2022

What kinds of apps can be built for CarPlay?

How does CarPlay work?

How do CarPlay-enabled apps work?

How much work does it take to add CarPlay support to an app?

How much UI customization is available to a CarPlay app?

Steps to Get Started Developing for CarPlay

In conclusion

Bobby Gill

Get the latest from the Blue Label Labs’ blog in your inbox

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